Removing Metadata from Files and Images: Essential OPSEC

Every file you create or share contains hidden metadata that can reveal your identity — camera model, GPS coordinates, software version, username, and timestamps. Stripping this metadata is essential OPSEC.

Image Metadata (EXIF)

Photos from smartphones contain GPS coordinates, device model, serial number, and even unique lens identifiers. Before sharing any image: use ExifTool (exiftool -all= image.jpg) or MAT2 to remove all metadata. On Tails, MAT2 is pre-installed — right-click any file and select 'Remove metadata'.

Document Metadata

PDF, Word, and Excel files embed author name, creation date, software version, company name, and edit history. LibreOffice allows removing metadata via File → Properties. For PDFs, use qpdf or pdf-redact-tools. Always check metadata before sharing any document.

Screenshot Safety

Screenshots can reveal: your OS, screen resolution (fingerprint), installed fonts, browser configuration, system clock (timezone), and desktop wallpaper. Crop screenshots tightly and remove metadata before sharing.